The science of life and of living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution and distribution. it includes Botany, Zoology, and Microbiology.
It is the process by which an organism obtain its nourishment, the supply of nutrients required by its body and cells to stay alive. Types: Autotrophic nutrition and Heterotrophic nutrition Autotrophic Nutrition: Plant exhibit autotrophic mode They prepare their own food by the process of photosynthesis Also called self-nourishment These are of two types: Photosynthesis …
Classification of nucleic acids Nucleic acids are named because: found in nucleus of cells Later on discovered outside the nucleus DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid RNA: Ribonucleic Acid Composition of nucleic acids Elemental composition: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous. Linear polymers of nucleotides (polynucleotides) Their building blocks are Nucleotides Nucleotides are energy rich compounds that drive metabolic …
Classification, Distribution and Composition of Nucleic acids Read More »
The size of Prokaryotic cell range from 0.2-5.0 µm in diameter while that of Eukaryotic cells range from 10-40 µm in diameter. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nuclear membrane and the nuclear material consisting of a single chromosome and lies in the cytoplasm and is called nucleoid. Eukaryotic cells, on the other hand, have …
Major differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells Read More »
Eukaryotes include all species of large complex organisms including animals, plants, and fungi and most species of protest microorganisms. Eukaryotes have their genome enclosed in the nucleus surrounded by the nuclear membrane. The term “eukaryote” is derived from Greek works, “eu” means ‘true’ and “karyon” means ‘nucleus’. The main characteristics of eukaryotic cells are: Cell …
Prokaryotic cells are found in bacteria, archaea and cynobacteria (blue-green algae). The cellular organization of prokaryotic cells is primitive as they lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound cell organelles. Cell morphologies commonly found in prokaryotic cells are Coccus (pl. cocci) or round, Bacillus (plural : bacilli) or rod, Spirillum (plural spirilla) or spiral, Spirochete …
A plasmid is a small, circular, extrachromosomal double stranded DNA that has a capacity to replicate independently. Discovered by Laderberg in 1952. Naturally occur in bacteria The genes carried in plasmid benefits the survival of the organism by providing them with genetic advantages like antibiotic resistance, etc. Replicate independently and code for their own transfer. …
•1909, Levene discovered D-ribose •1910, Kossel was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for research in nucleic acids. • 1912, Levene formulated his “ tetranucleotide hypothesis” Two famous experiments: 1. 1944, Avery completed the transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae 2. 1952, Bacteria , T2 phages , DNA component with 32P Protein component …
Formation of male and female gametes . male and female germ cells (spermatocytes and primary oocytes) at the beginning of meiosis I replicate their DNA so that each of the 46 chromosomes is duplicated into sister chromatids. In contrast to mitosis, however, homologous chromosomes then align themselves in pairs, a process called synapsis. Homologous pairs …